LASIK is a type of laser eye operation meant to correct or at least minimize difficulties with vision. It is carried out by ophthalmologists, who are medical doctors specializing in disorders of the eye. LASIK is typically a preferred alternative to photorefractive keratectomy, or PRK, as it is less painful and requires less time to recover completely. Before having LASIK surgery, the patient's corneas are evaluated with a computer driven scanner and a map of the cornea is made. This step of the process also picks up astigmatism and additional deviations in the shape of the cornea. The operating surgeon uses this data to determine the location as well as the amount of corneal material to be eliminated during the operation. The operation is carried out with the patient awake and functional, all the same, the patient is typically given a minor sedating agent and anesthetic drops in the eyes. The operating surgeon operates the laser machines, which do all of the incisions. A flap is carved in the cornea, which is the clear front part of the eye, using a blade or a laser. Afterwards, an excimer laser remodels the cornea. The laser destroys tissue without causing damage to the eye. Although usually uncommon, damaging complications may occur with LASIK or non laser forms of eye surgeries. A few of of the more typically reported complications of LASIK are: infection, dry or light sensitive eyes, over or under correction, changing vision, rings around lights, doubled vision, and difficulties with the flap created during the surgery. Although LASIK technology is improving rapidly, studies have not characterized long-term complicating problems. The surgical procedure cannot be reversed.

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